Wednesday, September 4, 2019

List Of Excuses For 'The Pause' In Global Warming, The Current Count: 52 Excuses


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RSS satellite data showing the 18 year ‘pause’ of global warming
An updated list of at excuses for the 18-26 year statistically significant ‘pause’ in global warming, including recent scientific papers, media quotes, blogs, and related debunkings.
List last updated on September 11th, 2014

1) Low solar activity

2) Oceans ate the global warming [debunked] [debunked] [debunked]

3) Chinese coal use [debunked]

4) Montreal Protocol

5) What ‘pause’? [debunked] [debunked] [debunked] [debunked]

6) Volcanic aerosols [debunked]

7) Stratospheric Water Vapor

8) Faster Pacific trade winds [debunked]

9) Stadium Waves

10) ‘Coincidence!’

11) Pine aerosols

12) It’s “not so unusual” and “no more than natural variability”

13) “Scientists looking at the wrong ‘lousy’ data” http://

14) Cold nights getting colder in Northern Hemisphere

15) We forgot to cherry-pick models in tune with natural variability [debunked]

16) Negative phase of Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation

17) AMOC ocean oscillation

18) “Global brightening” has stopped

19) “Ahistorical media”

20) “It’s the hottest decade ever” Decadal averages used to hide the ‘pause’ [debunked]

21) Few El Ninos since 1999

22) Temperature variations fall “roughly in the middle of the AR4 model results”

23) “Not scientifically relevant”

24) The wrong type of El Ninos

25) Slower trade winds [debunked]

26) The climate is less sensitive to CO2 than previously thought [see also]

27) PDO and AMO natural cycles and here

28) ENSO

29) Solar cycle driven ocean temperature variations

30) Warming Atlantic caused cooling Pacific

31) “Experts simply do not know, and bad luck is one reason”

32) IPCC climate models are too complex, natural variability more important

33) NAO & PDO

34) Solar cycles

35) Scientists forgot “to look at our models and observations and ask questions”

36) The models really do explain the “pause” [debunked] [debunked] [debunked]

37) As soon as the sun, the weather and volcanoes – all natural factors – allow, the world will start warming again. Who knew?

38) Trenberth’s “missing heat” is hiding in the Atlantic, not Pacific as Trenberth claimed
[debunked] [Dr. Curry’s take] [Author: “Every week there’s a new explanation of the hiatus”]

39) “Slowdown” due to “a delayed rebound effect from 1991 Mount Pinatubo aerosols and deep prolonged solar minimum”

40) The “pause” is “probably just barely statistically significant” with 95% confidence:The “slowdown” is “probably just barely statistically significant” and not “meaningful in terms of the public discourse about climate change”

41) Internal variability, because Chinese aerosols can either warm or cool the climate:

[Before this new paper, anthropogenic aerosols were thought to cool the climate or to have minimal effects on climate, but as of now, they “surprisingly warm” the climate]

42) Trenberth’s ‘missing heat’ really is missing and is not “supported by the data itself” in the “real ocean”:

43) Ocean Variability: [NYT article]

“After some intense work by of the community, there is general agreement that the main driver [of climate the “pause”] is ocean variability. That’s actually quite impressive progress.” [Andrew Dessler]

44) The data showing the missing heat going into the oceans is robust and not robust:

45) We don’t have a theory that fits all of the data:

46) We don’t have enough data of natural climate cycles lasting 60-70 years to determine if the “pause” is due to such natural cycles:

“If the cycle has a period of 60-70 years, that means we have one or two cycles of observations. And I don’t think you can much about a cycle with just 1-2 cycles: e.g., what the actual period of the variability is, how regular it is, etc. You really need dozens of cycles to determine what the actual underlying variability looks like. In fact, I don’t think we even know if it IS a cycle.” [Andrew Dessler]

47) Could be pure internal [natural] variability or increased CO2 or both

48) Its either in the Atlantic or Pacific, but definitely not a statistical fluke:

49) The other papers with excuses for the “pause” are not “science done right”:

” If the science is done right, the calculated uncertainty takes account of this background variation. But none of these papers, Tung, or Trenberth, does that. Overlain on top of this natural behavior is the small, and often shaky, observing systems, both atmosphere and ocean where the shifting places and times and technologies must also produce a change even if none actually occurred. The “hiatus” is likely real, but so what? The fuss is mainly about normal behavior of the climate system.” [Carl Wunsch]

50) The observational data we have is inadequate, but we ignore uncertainty to publish anyway: [Carl Wunsch in an NYT Article]

“The central problem of climate science is to ask what you do and say when your data are, by almost any standard, inadequate? If I spend three years analyzing my data, and the only defensible inference is that “the data are inadequate to answer the question,” how do you publish? How do you get your grant renewed? A common answer is to distort the calculation of the uncertainty, or ignore it all together, and proclaim an exciting story that the New York Times will pick up…How many such stories have been withdrawn years later when enough adequate data became available?”

51) If our models could time-travel back in time, “we could have forecast ‘the pause’ – if we had the tools of the future back then” [NCAR press release]

52) ‘Unusual climate anomaly’ of unprecedented deceleration of a secular warming trend

PLOS one Paper Macia et al. discussed in European Commission news release here.



Additional related comments from climate scientists about the “pause”


Top Lies About Sea Level Rise.

 first stating the truth, then the relevant myth or lie, and a brief explanation.
#6 TRUTH: Typical planning which is based on a “middle scenario” of sea level rise (SLR) is riskier and more expensive in the long run.
LIE: Since we do not know exactly how fast sea level will rise, the smart thing is to plan for mid-range projections.
EXPLANATION: As stated in point #5 in the previous post, the models cannot accurately predict the rate global sea level will rise. (For convenience the graphic of the theoretical curves is repeated just below.) Just as with planning for other disasters such as storms or earthquakes we should look at worst case scenarios for prudent planning. It would be foolish to only plan for a medium level hurricane or earthquake. Fortunately we don’t do this, building codes are in place to take into account extreme category 4 or 5 hurricanes and 7 or 8 magnitude earthquakes. With rising sea level this is even more important for two reasons: The upper limit projections continue to get higher. Furthermore, the extra ocean heat guarantees more ice melt and rising sea level in all coastal areas, such that designing for higher sea level both reduces risk and increases the likelihood that assets and infrastructure will have a longer useful life and better ROI – return on investment. We advocate that the best planning is done with a “9 box matrix” of three scenarios and three time horizons. 
Latest projections for sea level this century. Actual sea level will likely NOT follow any of these. Planning should not be based on average.
Latest projections for sea level this century. Actual sea level will likely NOT follow any of these. Planning should not be based on average.

#7 TRUTH: Beach restoration and coastal barriers are not a solution to SLR.
LIE: Beach restoration, higher seawalls, or barriers to waves are good solutions to future SLR.
EXPLANATION: Beach erosion is a huge global problem that will be made worse by SLR, but warrants a different solution. Sudden beach erosion is usually caused by large storm waves scouring the shore. Over longer periods of time, beach erosion is both a natural phenomenon of slowly migrating shorelines, made much worse by man made structures like jetties that interrupt the normal movement of sand along the shoreline. Trying to keep a beach where we want it, ofter referred to as beach restoration, replenishment, or re-nourishment is becoming increasingly expensive, due to the demand for sand for such projects as well as for fracking operations. Rising sea level will eventually exacerbate the scope of beach enhancement, but is a much bigger problem than just at the beach. As the ocean level rises, it floods areas much farther inland, flowing through intercostal waterways, streams, marshlands, far up tidal rivers and even up through porous rock. Planning and adapting to those situations is different than the narrow issue of beach erosion.
Beach erosion is becoming an increasing problem. While rising sea level will make it worse, restoring beaches is not a solution to rising sea level.
Beach erosion is becoming an increasing problem. While rising sea level will make it worse, restoring beaches is not a solution to rising sea level.

#8 TRUTH: Technology will be helpful with SLR but almost certainly cannot stop it.
LIE: Technology can solve SLR.
EXPLANATION: There are very different kinds of technology. With electronics we can do better mapping and visualizations of future flooding. I believe technology will eventually provide sufficient renewable energy to slow the rate of warming. Also it will eventually help us to reduce the high levels of greenhouse gases that is the force causing the warming and the ice to melt. It will also allow us to build buildings and communities better able to withstand temporary flooding or to somehow adapt to rising seas. However, sea level will rise due some basic principles of physics: the melting point of ice, and the laws of thermodynamics.
In other words, technology will not stop ice from melting at 32 degrees (0 Celsius). Given the current elevated heat level in the ocean and atmosphere, more ice will continue to melt for a very long time, despite our ever improving technologies. The laws of thermodynamics do not appear to allow any way to quickly cool the planet. There is no place to put the excess water as the sea rises. Earth is a closed system in the void of outer space.
Even the hotly debated Climate Agreement from Paris 2015 does not eliminate the warming that ultimately causes the ice to melt. As shown in the graphic below from Climate Interactive, illustrates that even if all countries participate as they committed, we will still have warming, just more slowly. And it must be noted that with the announcements by the Trump Administration in March 2017, the US seems to be headed to reduce its efforts to slow the warming.
Even the latest proposals to slow global warming do not fully stop the trend. Sea level must rise as the ice melts.
Even the latest proposals to slow global warming do not fully stop the trend. Sea level must rise as the ice melts. Graphic by Climate Interactive. www.climatescoreboard.org

 #9 TRUTH: Money will help adaptation to SLR but is not by itself the total solution.
Lie: We can solve the problem of rising sea level if we get the funding.
EXPLANATION: Funding will be needed to plan and adapt for SLR, but it is not the total solution that many imagine. Consider any location that is already being challenged by rising seas and more frequent flooding. For example, Miami, Fort Lauderdale, Annapolis, San Francisco, London. Even if they had an extra few “billion dollars” how would they deal with the threat and disruption of something on the scale of sea level that will keep rising foot by foot for decades. Besides the question of engineering adaptation there is tremendous resistance to disruption and change, what we might think of as social inertia. Take any particular region that is flooding, such as the cities listed above. While the streets and buildings could be adapted to withstand more frequent flooding and eventual sustained higher water, people resist disruptive change.  This is the other crucial component that is just as challenging as finding the funding and the engineering solutions. In community after community one hears protests regarding the disruption of the historical character, or the “pedestrian experience” or the negative impact on property values. Even in Miami Beach which has aggressively led a program to install $400 million of pumps, pipes, and street elevations, residents are in an uproar about the disruption. The hard truth is, even that engineering solution only buys them a couple of decades. The City admits it does not know what to do, when sea level rise exceeds a few feet. We must realize that as important as money is to combating and adapting to sea level rise the human factor is just as critical.  We must educate and help people realize that it’s not just buildings that need to change, they must be willing to adapt their attitudes and resistance to change as well. 
miami flooding
Sunny day flooding in Miami Beach during extreme high tide. There is great resistance to disrupt the look and feel of existing communities.

#10 TRUTH: Planning and Adaption must begin ASAP
LIE: We can wait until we know how high sea level will really rise and begin to deal with it “soon”, perhaps sometime in the next 5, 10, or 20 years.
EXPLANATION: In today’s world, there is a tendency to delay tough solutions — the proverbial “kick the can down the road” that applies to so many tough issues such as budget deficits, social security and pension funding, the burgeoning costs of health care, etc. Though the huge disruption of rising seas and the slow onset makes it tempting to avoid bold solutions, there are important reasons to start thinking big sooner, rather than later. At the simplest example, consider a new bridge that is going through the process of design, permitting, and construction. It could easily last a hundred years. Bridges are designed with a vessel clearance height of cargo ships and sailboat masts. On any bridge being designed today I recommend that at least 30 feet be added to the clearance height. It will have negligible affect on the cost but will ensure that it is usable for a much longer time. Bridges are just one example as to how infrastructure needs to anticipate higher sea level. A good example of long term planning to adapt to rising sea level in addition to possible storms is shown in the image below from the town of Vlissingen, Netherlands.

In addition to these “top 10 Lies” about sea level rise, there are many other myths and misunderstandings. The challenge to adapt to rising sea level may be the most profound challenge of this century. We can not simply abandon the coasts.  From the myriad appeals of being on the shore, to the practical aspects of having safe ports for shipping and diverse marine activities, working and living on the coasts is essential. We must be bold, creative and realistic in this new era.

Tuesday, September 3, 2019

Who Could Not See This One Coming! Mainstream Media Hijack Hurricane Dorian for Global Warming Alarm


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Form Town Hall.Com


As I write at 11 a.m. Eastern Time Monday, Hurricane Dorian, with sustained winds of 155 mph—barely below Category 5—
is pounding the Bahamas and moving very slowly westward, forecast to turn north later today. After crawling slowly up the Florida and Georgia coasts Tuesday through Wednesday, Dorian is forecast to turn northeast Thursday morning and continue its crawl along the coasts of South and North Carolina. By Friday morning the eye could be east of North Carolina’s outer banks, and there is some chance that the far western edge of Dorian’s winds and rains could affect Virginia, Delaware, and Maryland later Friday and into Saturday, though the storm seems more likely to stay well offshore.

 I can only imagine the plight of friends I met in Florida in 2016, and countless others along its coast. State and federal officials have arranged rescue operations, and people are being made aware of safety procedures. Not surprisingly, climate-change alarmists are seizing the opportunity to promote unfounded fears., Writing in Forbes, Laura Tenenbaum declared, “global warming causes more intense hurricanes” and suggested that more are on the way. Grist quipped, “‘Another hurricane?’ How climate disasters can give us compassion fatigue,” and asserted that “the scientific consensus is that climate change will contribute to more frequent extreme weather events.” Grist blamed President Donald Trump for being complicit.

 This tactic—seizing the moment to politicize a hurricane and push the climate scare—is not new. The Washington Post did the same during Hurricane Florence’s landfall last year.  Is Dorian a result of “climate change”? Well, yes, insofar as every hurricane forms due to changes in climatic conditions that bring favorable conditions for a hurricane. But that, of course, isn’t what climate alarmists have in mind by “climate change.” They mean global warming over the past 50 years or so driven to dangerous levels by human emissions of carbon dioxide. This, they claim, is causing more extreme weather events like the recent wildfires in the Amazon and Category 5 hurricanes like Dorian. https://townhall.com/columnists/vijayjayaraj/2019/09/03/mainstream-media-hijack-hurricane-dorian-for-climatechange-alarm-n2552505





Sunday, September 1, 2019

Bernie Sanders’s TVA Problem For His Green New Deal!


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Bernie Sanders has released his version of the Green New Deal.  His aims include "Reaching 100 percent renewable energy for electricity and transportation by no later than 2030...". Being an avowed socialist, he favors government owning the means of production, which means the electric powerplants. He proposes to  Build enough renewable energy generation capacity for the nation’s growing needs. Currently, four federal Power Marketing Administrations (PMAs) and the Tennessee Valley Authority generate and transmit power to distribution utilities in 33 states. We will create one more PMA to cover the remaining states and territories and expand the existing PMAs to build more than enough wind, solar, energy storage and geothermal power plants. [emphasis added]   He further proposes
To get to our goal of 100 percent sustainable energy, we will not rely on any false solutions like nuclear, geoengineering, carbon capture and sequestration, or trash incinerators. [emphases added]  
Given that the largest government owned electric utility is the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), it is logical to check its performance to see how well the federal government would be able to fulfill his pledge. Note that as a Senator (as are several other candidates for President), he actually can propose legislation forcing the TVA to do what he thinks is best. He assumed his office on January 3, 2007, so we have over twelve years’ history to compare to his plan for the next eleven years, until 2030.  At this juncture, we want to establish the current status of the TVA's generation profile. On their website, they offer summaries of their power portfolio for three fiscal years, FY2007, FY2018 and FY2027.
Here are the facts.
Coal- This constituted 58% in 2007, is now 26% and is projected to be 22% in 2027.
Nuclear- This constituted 26% in 2007, is now 40% and is projected to be 43% in 2027.
Natural Gas- This constituted 10% in 2007, is now 20% and is projected to be 19% in 2027.
Hydro- This constituted 6% in 2007, is now 10% and is projected to be 10% in 2027.
Wind & Solar- This constituted 0% in 2007, is now 3% and is projected to be 5% in 2027.
Based on its own figures, the TVA fails in going green and non-nuclear. The largest growth between now and 2027 will be nuclear, with a 3% increase. That increase equals the current total it gets from wind and solar. To match it, they would have to double all their current "green renewable" installations.
Another area to watch is how have they adjusted their power portfolio during the Obama Administration? Where have they invested the taxpayers’ money?
They have been and are planning to continue to phase out coal-powered power plants. But they are replacing some of them with natural gas with carbon capture. Bernie wants to ban carbon capture. That means he needs to replace these comparatively new power plants: Lagoon Creek 2011 (525 MW), John Sevier 2012 (880 MW), Paradise 2017 (1130MW) and Allen 2018 (1100 MW). That amounts to 3,635 MW. It is noteworthy that the combined output of their solar installations is 364 kilo-watts (364 KW). Each kilowatt is one-one thousandth of one megawatt (MW), so the TVA has one thousand times as much natural gas with carbon capture as it does on solar. the list of solar installations shows one of the biggest generators of solar power is Dolly Parton's Dollywood, with two 18 KW units. Unfortunately, she also has two coal-fired steam locomotives for the Dollywood Express, which burn five tons of coal per day each.
But no examination of a government-run electric utility would be complete without reviewing the three nuclear stations with a total of seven reactors.
Sequoyah Nuclear Plant - This plant has two units and construction began in 1970. Unit 1 began operations on July 1, 1981and Unit 2 on June 1, 1982. It is rated for 2.440 MW and had its operating licenses extended an additional twenty years (2040 and 2041 respectively) in 2015. The units are already operating and are expected to keep working, carbon free, well past Bernie's 2030 target date.
Watts Bar Nuclear Plant - This plant has two units and construction began in 1973. Commercial operation of Unit 1 took place on May 5, 1996, about 23 years later!
Unit 2 was 80% complete when construction was halted in 1985. only to be re-started in 2007 at a projected cost of $2.5 billion. The final cost has been put at $4.7 billion, a fine example of government cost overruns. As to meeting the projected schedule, it suffered a host of ills including having a "chilled work environment," a transformer fire and a leaking condenser. It finally got re-started on August 1, 2017. Given construction began on September 1, 1983, it only took thirty-four years to fulfill its promise. Combined, the two units had a 2017 capacity factor of 68.10%, which offers the prospect of more generation if they can figure out how to run them properly. For comparison with the private sector, Exelon notes that in 2018 it achieved a 94.6% capacity factor from its fleet of nuclear power plants.  
Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant - This plant has three units. Unit 1 is notorious for a fire in the electrical wiring in 1975. It was repaired and ran from 1976 to 1985 when all three units were shut down. Unit 1 re-started in 2007, Unit 2 in 1991 and Unit 3 in 1995. They all now perform with high capacity factors, with Unit1 achieving a 101.62% level in 2017 producing 9,801giga-watt-hours! Reliable, carbon free power 24/7/365 for the whole year.
And that is how the TVA keeps the lights on without relying exclusively on wind and solar. But it is not compliant with Bernie's fantasy of a Green New Dealhttps://www.americanthinker.com/blog/2019/09/bernie_sanderss_tva_problem_for_his_green_new_deal_.html